Weight Loss Drugs and Heart Health: What to Know About GLP-1 Medications
Weight loss drugs have been around for decades, but a newer class of medications, including GLP-1 drugs, is getting a lot of attention for their potential to greatly impact weight loss. Originally developed to treat type 2 diabetes, these medications are now also making headlines for their possible effects on heart health.
Some research suggests GLP-1 medications may benefit patients with cardiovascular disease by lowering blood pressure, improving cholesterol, and reducing inflammation. Other studies raise concerns about their safety for patients with advanced heart disease or heart failure.
For anyone living with a heart condition, understanding both the potential and the risk is essential before starting one of these medications. Be sure to talk to your team of healthcare providers for guidance on whether these medications are right for you.
How GLP-1 medications work
GLP-1 stands for glucagon-like peptide-1, a hormone that helps regulate blood sugar, slows digestion, and increases feelings of fullness. Medications that mimic this hormone can help reduce appetite and promote weight loss. Because excess weight is a risk factor for high blood pressure, diabetes, and other heart conditions, losing weight can have a positive impact on overall heart health.
Potential heart health benefits
Early research indicates that GLP-1 medications may:
• Reduce the risk of major cardiovascular events, such as heart attack and stroke, in people with heart disease and diabetes.
• Improve blood pressure and cholesterol levels.
• Support long-term weight management, which can reduce strain on the heart.
While these findings are promising, results can vary depending on the specific medication, dosage, and a person’s overall health.
Risks and safety considerations
GLP-1 medications are not right for everyone. Possible concerns for people with heart conditions include:
• Gastrointestinal side effects like nausea, vomiting, or diarrhea may affect nutrition and hydration.
• Changes in heart rate that could be risky for people with certain arrhythmias.
• Limited data on safety in patients with advanced heart failure or severe heart disease.
Other health factors, such as kidney function or a history of pancreatitis, may also influence whether these drugs are a safe option.
Deciding if a GLP-1 medication is right for you
There are many types of GLP-1 and other weight loss medications available, each with different effects and safety profiles. Your cardiologist can help you evaluate the potential benefits and risks based on your heart health, medical history, and weight loss goals. In some cases, lifestyle changes, other medications, or a combination of approaches may be recommended instead.
At the Oklahoma Heart Hospital, we work closely with patients to understand their individual needs and treatment goals. If you are considering a GLP-1 medication for weight loss and have a heart condition, talk with your cardiologist to determine the safest and most effective path forward. Schedule an appointment today to learn more.